The 142nd Fighter Wing (142 FW sometimes 142d) is a unit of the Oregon Air National Guard, stationed at Portland Air National Guard Base, Oregon.

As a state militia unit, the 142nd Fighter Wing is not in the normal United States Air Force chain of command. It is under the jurisdiction of the Oregon Air National Guard unless it is federalized by order of the president of the United States. If activated to federal service, the wing is gained by the United States Air Force Air Combat Command.

The 123rd Fighter Squadron assigned to the wing's 142nd Operations Group, is a descendant organization of 123rd Observation Squadron, formed on 30 July 1940. It is one of the 29 original National Guard Observation Squadrons of the United States Army National Guard formed before World War II.